With the development of efficient water-saving technology in today's society, the application area of integrated drip irrigation and fertilization technology has been increasing year by year. Correct irrigation and fertilization operations can effectively improve the service life of the integrated drip irrigation and fertilization system and continuously deliver benefits.
During irrigation, the valve on the fertilization tank (device) should be closed, and the control valve of the drip irrigation system branch should be fully opened. At the end of irrigation, the power should be cut off first, and then the control valve should be closed immediately. The principle of drip irrigation is "small amounts, multiple times." Do not extend the drip irrigation time to increase the amount of water. The irrigation amount should not be determined by visually observing the soil surface moisture; instead, remove the surface soil and judge the irrigation amount based on the moisture near the crop roots. Under drip irrigation conditions, the soil moisture range is "onion-shaped," and the surface soil moisture range is minimal. If irrigation is guided by the surface soil moisture, it will lead to excessive irrigation. The general wetting depth of drip irrigation is about 30 centimeters.
According to the fertilization plan, first dissolve the fertilizer in water. The fertilizer can also be dissolved in water a day before fertilization. During fertilization, filter the fertilizer solution with a cloth (net) and pour it into a differential pressure fertilization tank or pour it into an open container and use a venturi fertilizer injector to draw it in.
The fertilization tank is connected in parallel with the pressure regulating valve on the main pipe. The inlet pipe of the fertilization tank should reach the bottom of the tank. Before fertilization, irrigate for more than 10 minutes. During fertilization, tighten the tank cover, open the tank's water inlet valve, and after the tank is full of water, open the tank's outlet valve. Adjust the main pipe pressure regulating valve to regulate the fertilization speed. Note that the pressure regulating valve cannot be fully opened or closed. In the fully open state, fertilizer will not be absorbed. In the fully closed state, it may cause excessive pressure and damage the fertilization tank.
The venturi fertilizer injector is connected in parallel with the valve on the main pipe. Pour the pre-dissolved and evenly mixed fertilizer solution into an open container. Place the suction head of the venturi injector into the fertilizer solution, ensuring that there is a filter on the suction head. Do not place the suction head at the bottom of the container. Open the valve on the suction pipe and adjust the valve on the main pipe to ensure that the suction pipe can evenly and steadily absorb the fertilizer solution.
The fertilizer should quickly and completely dissolve in water at field temperature conditions without antagonism between fertilizers. The impurity content should be low to avoid clogging filters and drippers. The interaction with irrigation water should be minimal to avoid significant pH changes in the irrigation water. The corrosion on the main hub and irrigation system should be minimal, and the nutrient concentration in the fertilizer should be relatively high.
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